How does having dyslexia impact on further education Essay

How does having dyslexia sway on further instruction - Essay Example It influences the selection of subjects in further learning. In spite of the fact that it is a significant issue affecting on execution, understudies can be helped through mentorship and different activities that improve their language, coordination and hierarchical abilities. Dyslexia is a term that alludes to troubles in realizing, which is typically show in understudies while they attempt to articulate or spell specific words over the span of learning. These are the significant qualities among numerous different perspectives that can help in distinguishing an understudy with the issue. Examination shows that the issue is related with the brain’s ability to decipher verbal or composed language. Understudies ordinarily experience issues in schools and may not perform well specifically subjects or in every one of them (Jamieson and Morgan 2007 p. 78). Mentally, the dyslexic understudy is generally equipped. Learning is the main circumstance where they neglect to contend viably with the remainder of the understudies. Dyslexic understudies generally get annoyed prompting withdrawal and issues with their conduct, particularly because of absence of confidence and certainty. Their determined trouble in learning produces the inclination that they can't exceed expectations throughout everyday life. This is on the grounds that the general public profoundly values the capacity to learn, and appending it to extraordinary possibilities of an understudy in future. It can influence even the understudies whose exhibition in different exercises is acceptable. The issue can endure to adulthood. In the establishments of higher learning, it is normally a significant issue since the substance of training increments, and this requires high learning abilities so as to achieve the goals of instruction and vocation decision (Ammon and Levin 1993 pp. 68-71). The point of this examination is to set up the effect of dyslexia on further training. In the showing calling, it is imperative to comprehend dyslexia so as to build up the capacity to distinguish dyslexic understudies, and have the option to assist them with surviving

Book Report Six Pages Total Double Spaced and The Name Of The Book Is Term Paper

Book Report Six Pages Total Double Spaced and The Name Of The Book Is (So Much Reform) and the aurthor is Charles M. Payne - Term Paper Example The book centers around the detachment existent between instructive arrangement and the said real factors of urban schools. Payne tries to characterize disappointment and investigates the causes; he alludes to them as barely astounding. Regarding this, the book demonstrates exactly how much data Payne has gathered on the said disappointments regarding which he composes (Payne, 2008). As respects the reasons for disappointment, Payne demonstrates that it is because of reformers, approach producers and school networks that urban schools neglect to meet their objectives. This is on the grounds that they center more around changes yet not what the changes can do to help their presentation and accomplishments of the schools they speak to. What he considers astonishing is the way that reformers, school networks and strategy producers never appear to gain from the mix-ups they make. This is corresponding to the information that they amass during the time spent improving the state funded educational system and absence of execution of the encounters they procure. The disappointment of grown-ups to learn lies in the premise of social issues extending from bigotry and destitution to privatization of open premiums. Payne shows the connection between social disappointments and those that influence state funded educational systems. The useless social frameworks bring about in general disappointment of execution of important social and instructive understandings (Payne, 2008). Thus, the postulation of the book spins around disappointments of different partners in the training area and the whole book continues alluding to the point of disappointment. What's more, as indicated by the proposition, this circumstance stays dreary dependent on shared dispiriting of schools as associations and sign of the unreasonableness of activities taken by schools. Notwithstanding the theory explanation, Payne interlaces different ideas of disappointment in the book to show his point and air his view straightforwardly for open translation by individuals

How Millennials (and Younger Generations) Can Prepare for the Next Recession

How Millennials (and Younger Generations) Can Prepare for the Next Recession How Millennials (and Younger Generations) Can Prepare for the Next Recession How Millennials (and Younger Generations) Can Prepare for the Next RecessionFrom tackling debt to picking up a side hustle, here’s how to prepare for financial downturns.Recession talk has been especially relevant since the Dow dropped more than 750 points in one day back in August 2019. Although no one can know for certain when the next recession will come, economists believe it will arrive sometime in the coming year.According to Ben Carlson, director of institutional asset management at Ritholtz Wealth Management, recessions in the United States have averaged once every five years since World War II. That statistic doesn’t seem so bad considering from 1836-1928, the United States was averaging one recession every 2.1 years. With that in mind, it’s been nearly a decade since the end of the Great Recession. And for many young people, the forthcoming (and inevitable) recession will be their first in the workforce.  So how do you prepare?  Aside from the obvious tightening of be lts and watching budgets, there is actually a lot you can do to protect yourself and your financial well-being from a recession. Because they happen so frequently, it’s a good life lesson to learn as early as possible.Ditch the debtWhen a recession hits, you might find yourself more strapped for cash. If that happens and you’re straddling a lot of credit card debt, personal loans, or other types of debt, it will be even harder to knock it out. If your budget takes a hit and you can only pay the minimum payments, you’ll be stuck with even more debt than you originally had, thanks to interest fees. With that in mind, tackling that debt before the going gets tougher is probably your best bet, as it will only become more difficult as additional economic stressors arise.Jo Yurcaba at Bustle addresses debt repayments as a major consideration for forthcoming recession woes. Especially for millennials who are battling with basic living expenses, student loan debt, and lack of savings, debts will be a big problem when the recession hits.“The debt left by attending college, or the impact of having mostly-stagnant wages while cost of living continues to rise,” Yurcaba writes, “means many millennials also dont invest and dont save, which could both become even more difficult during a recession if they lose their jobs or have their hours cut.”Consider a side hustleNot only will a side hustle enable you to pay down debt faster, but it will give you a leg up when the recession comes. In the gig economy, it’s easy to pick up certain hustles like Uber or Lyft or food delivery, and if you already have experience built up, it will be easier to hang onto the hustle when the recession arrives.Get smartThere are a variety of things you can do, such as increasing your financial literacy, to prep for the recession. It’s only a matter of time before one arrives, but Yurcaba says it’s not time to freak out yet. Prepare, yes. Freak out, no.“Much of the worry for mi llennials ahead of a potential recession is due to the way the Great Recession impacted older millennials, who entered the job market when unemployment was near 10% (thats very high),” Yurcaba writes. “According to [Jill] Schlesinger [a business analyst for CBS News], the Great Recession was pretty extreme â€" it was the worst downturn the U.S. economy has seen since the Great Depression â€" and the next one is unlikely to be as bad.”

How Millennials (and Younger Generations) Can Prepare for the Next Recession

How Millennials (and Younger Generations) Can Prepare for the Next Recession How Millennials (and Younger Generations) Can Prepare for the Next Recession How Millennials (and Younger Generations) Can Prepare for the Next RecessionFrom tackling debt to picking up a side hustle, here’s how to prepare for financial downturns.Recession talk has been especially relevant since the Dow dropped more than 750 points in one day back in August 2019. Although no one can know for certain when the next recession will come, economists believe it will arrive sometime in the coming year.According to Ben Carlson, director of institutional asset management at Ritholtz Wealth Management, recessions in the United States have averaged once every five years since World War II. That statistic doesn’t seem so bad considering from 1836-1928, the United States was averaging one recession every 2.1 years. With that in mind, it’s been nearly a decade since the end of the Great Recession. And for many young people, the forthcoming (and inevitable) recession will be their first in the workforce.  So how do you prepare?  Aside from the obvious tightening of be lts and watching budgets, there is actually a lot you can do to protect yourself and your financial well-being from a recession. Because they happen so frequently, it’s a good life lesson to learn as early as possible.Ditch the debtWhen a recession hits, you might find yourself more strapped for cash. If that happens and you’re straddling a lot of credit card debt, personal loans, or other types of debt, it will be even harder to knock it out. If your budget takes a hit and you can only pay the minimum payments, you’ll be stuck with even more debt than you originally had, thanks to interest fees. With that in mind, tackling that debt before the going gets tougher is probably your best bet, as it will only become more difficult as additional economic stressors arise.Jo Yurcaba at Bustle addresses debt repayments as a major consideration for forthcoming recession woes. Especially for millennials who are battling with basic living expenses, student loan debt, and lack of savings, debts will be a big problem when the recession hits.“The debt left by attending college, or the impact of having mostly-stagnant wages while cost of living continues to rise,” Yurcaba writes, “means many millennials also dont invest and dont save, which could both become even more difficult during a recession if they lose their jobs or have their hours cut.”Consider a side hustleNot only will a side hustle enable you to pay down debt faster, but it will give you a leg up when the recession comes. In the gig economy, it’s easy to pick up certain hustles like Uber or Lyft or food delivery, and if you already have experience built up, it will be easier to hang onto the hustle when the recession arrives.Get smartThere are a variety of things you can do, such as increasing your financial literacy, to prep for the recession. It’s only a matter of time before one arrives, but Yurcaba says it’s not time to freak out yet. Prepare, yes. Freak out, no.“Much of the worry for mi llennials ahead of a potential recession is due to the way the Great Recession impacted older millennials, who entered the job market when unemployment was near 10% (thats very high),” Yurcaba writes. “According to [Jill] Schlesinger [a business analyst for CBS News], the Great Recession was pretty extreme â€" it was the worst downturn the U.S. economy has seen since the Great Depression â€" and the next one is unlikely to be as bad.”

Leadership Theories And Concepts Of Leadership - 1712 Words

The framework of this critical synthesis is to summarize and critically analyze existing literature with regards to the subject of effective leadership. The review of the literature indicates that there are a number of elements which impact effective leadership. In an organization, when these elements are implemented, they contribute negatively or positively to the delivery of the organizational goals and directives. Subsequently we must first start with analyzing all relative theories and concepts of leadership. Interest in leadership increased during the early part of the twentieth century. Early leadership theories concentrated on what qualities distinguished leaders from followers, while other theories examined variables such as skill levels and situational factors. Many different leadership theories have emerged, but most can be classified under the major types listed below. A. Great man theories speculate that the aptitude for leadership is inherent, great leaders are born not made. (Borgotta, Rouch and Bales, 1954; Galton, 1869) all suggested that a person who copied the personalities and behaviors of great men in the history of the world would become strong leaders. The term â€Å"great man† was used at the time because leadership was thought of predominantly as a male quality. It soon became apparent though that many effective leaders had widely differing personalities, thereby providing little value as an area of study. B. Trait theories made a modest advance inShow MoreRelatedCharismatic Leadership : Attribution Theory And Self Concept Theory1191 Words   |  5 Pagesdescribed as how a follower, or subordinate, perceives their leader’s qualities. There are two theories on charismatic leadership: Attribution Theory and Self-Concept Theory. 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Photoshop Action Zoom Blurring Effect Free Essays

string(92) " can undo and redo the filter as many times as you need until you get the results you want\." Photo Effects: Action Zoom Blurring Effect By Steve Patterson, Photoshop Essentials. com ACTion Zoom BLurring EffECT In this Photoshop photo effects tutorial, we’ll learn how to add some action and a sense of motion to a photo with a zoom blur effect. We’ll use Photoshop’s Radial Blur filter to add the initial blurring, then we’ll bring back some of the original image using a layer mask and the Gradient Tool. We will write a custom essay sample on Photoshop Action Zoom Blurring Effect or any similar topic only for you Order Now Not only is this a great (and popular) way to help bring an image to life, but the entire effect can be completed in less than five minutes once you’re comfortable with the steps. Here’s the photo I’ll be using for this tutorial: The original image. Here’s how it will look after adding the blur effect: Let’s get started! The final â€Å"action zoom† effect. Step 1: Duplicate The Background Layer The first step in creating our action zoom effect is to duplicate the Background layer so we can work on a separate copy of the image, which will allow us to bring back some of the original image later. With our photo newly opened in Photoshop, if we look in the Layers panel, we can see that we currently have one layer, the Background layer, which is the layer than contains our photo: The original image appears on the Background layer in the Layers panel. This Photoshop Tutorial  © 2009 Steve Patterson, Photoshop Essentials. com. Not To Be Reproduced Or Redistributed Without Permission. 1 Photo Effects: Action Zoom Blurring Effect By Steve Patterson, Photoshop Essentials. com To duplicate the Background layer, go up to the Layer menu in the menu Bar at the top of the screen, choose new, and then choose Layer via Copy. Or, for a faster way to duplicate a layer in Photoshop, use the keyboard shortcut Ctrl+J (Win) / Command+J (Mac): Go to Layer New Layer via Copy, or press Ctrl+J (Win) / Command+J (Mac). Either way you choose tells Photoshop to make a copy of the layer, and if we look again in the Layers panel, we can see that we now have two layers. The original Background layer is on the bottom, while a brand new layer named â€Å"Layer 1† sits above it. If we look at the preview thumbnails to the left of the layer names, we can see that both layers contain the same image, which means we can now do whatever we want to the image on â€Å"Layer 1† and the original photo will remain safe and unharmed on the Background layer below it: An exact copy of the image now appears on â€Å"Layer 1† above the Background layer. Step 2: Apply The radial Blur filter With â€Å"Layer 1† selected in the Layers panel (it should be highlighted in blue), go up to the filter menu at the top of the screen, choose Blur, and then choose radial Blur: Go to Filter Blur Radial Blur. This brings up Photoshop’s Radial Blur dialog box. The Radial Blur filter gives us a choice of two different types of blurring – Spin and Zoom. Since we’re creating a zoom effect, set the Blur method option on the left side of the dialog box to Zoom. Directly below the Blur Method option is the Quality option. Choose Best for the quality. We control how much blurring is applied to the image with the Amount option at the top of the dialog box. The higher the Amount value we select, the more blurring is applied. Drag the slider towards the right to increase the Amount value, or drag it towards the left to decrease it. Unfortunately, the Radial Blur filter doesn’t give us a preview of the effect, so you’ll probably need to try a few different values before you find the one that works best for your image. I’ll explain how to do that in a moment. I’m going to set my Amount value to 50, but the value you end up choosing may be different. Finally, use the Blur Center box on the right side of the Radial Blur dialog box to set the point where the blur will appear to be â€Å"zooming† out from. Simply click inside the box to set the point. Again, there’s no way to preview the effect before running the filter so be prepared to try a few times before you get it right. I want my blur effect to appear to be coming from behind the girl’s head, so I’m going to click above and to the right of center in the box to set my point. Set the blur type, quality, amount and â€Å"zoom point†. This Photoshop Tutorial  © 2009 Steve Patterson, Photoshop Essentials. com. Not To Be Reproduced Or Redistributed Without Permission. 2 Photo Effects: Action Zoom Blurring Effect By Steve Patterson, Photoshop Essentials. com Click OK when you’re done to exit out of the dialog box. Depending on the speed of your computer, as well as the size and complexity of your image, you may need to wait a bit for Photoshop to finish applying the blur, so don’t panic if it seems like nothing is happening. After waiting a few seconds for Photoshop to do its thing, here is my image with the zoom blur applied: It may take a few tries before you get the results you want with the Radial Blur filter. If you’re not happy with your initial blur results and want to try again, first undo the filter by going up to the Edit menu at the top of the screen and choosing undo radial Blur. Or, for a faster way to undo the filter, use the keyboard shortcut Ctrl+Z (Win) / Command+Z (Mac): Undo the blur effect with Edit Undo Radial Blur, or press Ctrl+Z (Win) / Command+Z (Mac). Then, to quickly bring the Radial Filter dialog box back up, press Ctrl+Alt+F (Win) / Command+Option+F (Mac). Choose a different Amount value and/or set a different point for the zoom effect in the Blur Center box, then click OK to run the filter again. You can undo and redo the filter as many times as you need until you get the results you want. You read "Photoshop Action Zoom Blurring Effect" in category "Essay examples" Step 3: Add A Layer mask The problem with our blur effect is that it’s covering up the entire image, which isn’t really what we want. In my case, the blur effect is distorting the girl’s face, so I want to hide the effect in that part of the image and allow the original photo to show through. We can do that easily using a layer mask. With â€Å"Layer 1† still selected, click on the Layer mask icon at the bottom of the Layers panel. It’s the icon that looks like a rectangle with a round hole in the center of it: Click on the Layer Mask icon. Nothing will appear to happen in the document window, but a layer mask thumbnail appears to the right of the preview thumbnail for â€Å"Layer 1† in the Layers panel, letting us know that we’ve added our layer mask. If you look closely at the thumbnail, you’ll see a white highlight border around it, which tells us that the layer mask, not the layer itself, is selected: The highlight border around the layer mask thumbnail tells us that the mask, not the layer, is selected. This Photoshop Tutorial  © 2009 Steve Patterson, Photoshop Essentials. com. Not To Be Reproduced Or Redistributed Without Permission. Photo Effects: Action Zoom Blurring Effect By Steve Patterson, Photoshop Essentials. com Step 4: Select The gradient Tool We’re going to draw a black-to-white gradient on the layer mask to hide part of the blur effect and create a nice, smooth transition between the effect on â€Å"Layer 1† and the original image on th e Background layer below it. To draw the gradient, we’ll need Photoshop’s gradient Tool, so select it from the Tools panel. You can also select the Gradient Tool by pressing the letter g on your keyboard: Select the Gradient Tool. Step 5: Select The Black to White gradient With the Gradient Tool selected, right-click (Win) / Control-click (Mac) anywhere inside the document window to quickly bring up the gradient Picker. Click on the Black to White gradient to select it. It’s the third gradient from the left, top row: Click on the Black to White gradient in the Gradient Picker to select it. Click anywhere outside of the Gradient Picker to close out of it when you’re done. Step 6: Select The radial gradient By default, the Gradient Tool is set to draw a standard linear gradient, but we also have different styles to choose from, all of which can be selected from the options Bar at the top of the screen. You’ll see a row of five icons, each one representing a different shape for the gradient (Linear, Radial, Angle, Reflected, and Diamond). Select radial gradient by clicking on its icon (second one from the left): Select the Radial Gradient. Step 7: Drag out A radial gradient To Hide Part of The Blur Effect I want to allow the girl’s face to show through the blurring effect, so with the Gradient Tool, the Black to White gradient and the Radial Gradient style selected, I’ll click in the center of her face to set my starting point for the gradient. Then I’ll simply drag my mouse towards the left until I’m just beyond her hair. The area in between the starting and end points of the gradient will become a smooth transition area between the blurring effect on â€Å"Layer 1† and the original image on the Background layer below it. Since I’m drawing a radial gradient, the gradient will extend 360 ° around my starting point (which means it doesn’t really matter which direction you drag from the starting point), creating a circular shape with black in the center and gradually changing to white as it extends out in all directions: Drag out a Radial Gradient across the area where you want to hide the blur effect and reveal the original photo underneath. Since we drew the gradient on the layer mask, not on the layer itself, we don’t see the gradient in the document window. This Photoshop Tutorial  © 2009 Steve Patterson, Photoshop Essentials. com. Not To Be Reproduced Or Redistributed Without Permission. 4 Photo Effects: Action Zoom Blurring Effect By Steve Patterson, Photoshop Essentials. com Instead, we see the results of the gradient on the layer mask. The girl’s face is now visible through the blurring effect: Drawing the gradient on the layer mask reveals part of the original image underneath. Even though we can’t see the gradient in the document window, we can see it if we look at the layer mask thumbnail in the Layers panel. The black area represents the part of the layer that’s now hidden from view. As the gradient becomes lighter towards the edges, more of the layer becomes visible. The white areas are where the layer is completely visible: If you’re not happy with your initial gradient, simply press Ctrl+Z (Win) / Command+Z (Mac) to undo the gradient, then try again. The layer mask thumbnail shows us the radial gradient we added. Step 8: Lower The opacity To fine-Tune The results If you find that your blur effect is too strong, you can reduce its intensity by lowering the opacity of â€Å"Layer 1†. Lowering the layer’s opacity value will allow more of the original image on the Background layer below it to show through. You’ll find the opacity option in the top right of the Layers panel. Keep an eye on your document window as you adjust the opacity to judge the results. I’m going to lower mine down to around 70% (left): Lower the opacity of â€Å"Layer 1† to reduce the intensity of the blur. And with that, we’re done! Here, after fine-tuning my results with the Opacity option, is my final â€Å"action zoom effect† result: for more Adobe Photoshop tutorials, visit Photoshop Essentials. com @ www. photoshopessentials. com! The final photo effect. This Photoshop Tutorial  © 2009 Steve Patterson, Photoshop Essentials. com. Not To Be Reproduced Or Redistributed Without Permission. 5 How to cite Photoshop Action Zoom Blurring Effect, Essay examples

Technological Foundations Cooperative Work -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Technological Foundations Cooperative Work? Answer: Introducation As you have read through the textbook and worked on the project this term, in what new ways do you now see collaboration? What skills are easy for you? (You may want to use some examples, e.g., you might have captained a sporting team.) What skills do you now realise you are still developing? How important have you found collaboration in your team project? What's worked well for you? What has been frustrating? Answer: After reading the book of The Making of an Expert Engineer by James P. Trevelyan, I have understood that any project can be successful when it is completed collaboratively in a team. I have known that any difficult work can become extremely easier, when it is being executed in a team collaboratively (Trevelyan 2014). Before reading the book, I had a vague idea regarding collaboration; however, after reading the book, I have gathered the intense knowledge about collaborative work. There are four specific skills in collaboration, which are sharing, trust, respect and belonging (Trevelyan 2015). When I was in school, I was once appointed as the school captain. At that time, I understood that I had the collaborative skills of trust and respect. My fellow classmates trusted me and all my juniors showed respect. In my present day, I realise that I am still developing the collaborative skill of sharing (Costa, Passos and Bakker 2014). Previously, I did not have this skill. I have realized that collaboration is extremely important for any project team as it helps in the perfect execution of the project by incorporating the ideas of all the team members (Galegher, Kraut and Egido 2014). This particular characteristic of incorporation of various ideas has worked extremely well for my project. The only drawback of collaborative work I feel is that due to several brainstorming sessions amongst the team members, often clashes take place in the team. Write briefly about a situation where you have had to instruct someone. This might be in the workplace or on a sporting team or another situation. How easy was that process? What were the difficulties? Answer: I feel that leading or instruction someone in a situation is the most vital feature of a leader or an instructor. When I in school, I was once appointed as the school captain (Northouse 2015). Being the captain of the school, it was my responsibility to guide all my classmates and juniors to the correct path. On one such fine day, a new boy joined our school. As it was his first day, he was extremely nervous. I was given the responsibility to instruct or guide him to his classroom. Since, I was getting late for my class, I showed him the way to his classroom and started to walk towards my class. However, due to his nervousness, he again came back to me and requested me to guide him again (Kearns et al. 2015). I had to walk with him to his classroom and due to this; I was late for my class. This entire process of instruction was not at all easy and I had to lose my precious time. Demonstration of critical self review, self-management and lifelong learning. Summarise key changes that you believe you would need to make to your work behaviours to be a more effective engineer in your country or in another country where you might be doing engineering. Answer: I believe that there are various important changes, that are required for making my work behaviour extremely effective. I am pursuing engineering in Australia and I have understood that the work behaviour of an effective engineer should not change according to his or her location (Trevelyan, J., 2014). The key changes that I feel are required for my work behaviour are as follows: i) Analytical Aptitude: This is the most important quality that I feel I should have in my work behaviour. ii) Creativity: I sometimes lack innovation and creativity. I should be more creative and this will bring intense success in my work. iii) Problem Solving Skills: I often get nervous while solving difficult problems or issues (Trevelyan, J., 2015). The problem solving skill is again one of the most important characteristic that is required for improving my work behaviour. iv) Collaborative Work: After reading the book of The Making of an Expert Engineer by James P. Trevelyan, I have understood that collaboration is solely required for any project and a successful engineer always works collaboratively with his or her team. These are the key changes that I feel are required for improving my work behaviour. In order to effectively manage a project, you also need to effectively manage your own time. How effective do you believe you are at managing your time? What are your best and worst behaviours in terms of time management? Answer: Time management is the most important and significant characteristic of an engineer or a professional. I feel that a person, who cannot mange his or her time can never be a successful professional in his or her life (Forster 2014). I am extremely effective in managing time. When I am at work, my first priority is always on time. I make sure that I complete everything on time and this professionalism help me in achieving my personal goals and objectives. I know that if I will manage my own time, it is evident that I will be successful in managing my project. I always try to meet the deadline, provided to me (Trevelyan 2014). My best behaviour in terms of time management is meeting all the deadlines and my worst behaviour is when I cannot follow my own schedule. Draft a plan for your career. What kinds of companies do you want to work for? What kinds of work do you want to do? What skills will you need? How might you go about developing the skills you need but dont yet have? Answer: I am a Mechanical engineer. I want to work for core mechanical engineering companies or organizations that would help me in the successful achievement of my career goals and objectives (Yadav et al. 2014). Moreover, I wish to share my mechanical engineering knowledge and skills for the growth and development of the organization. I feel that I require various skills like problem solving, technical, creativity, interpersonal, team working, communication, commercial awareness and many more. Amongst all the above mentioned skills, I do not have the skills of team working and problem solving. I need to develop them immediately (Trevelyan 2015). Collaboratively working with my team members and working under pressure can develop these skills within me. References Costa, P.L., Passos, A.M. and Bakker, A.B., 2014. Team work engagement: A model of emergence.Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology,87(2), pp.414-436. Forster, M., 2014.Do it tomorrow and other secrets of time management. Hachette UK. Galegher, J., Kraut, R.E. and Egido, C., 2014.Intellectual teamwork: Social and technological foundations of cooperative work. Psychology Press. Kearns, K.P., Livingston, J., Scherer, S. and McShane, L., 2015. Leadership skills as construed by nonprofit chief executives.Leadership Organization Development Journal,36(6), pp.712-727. Northouse, P.G., 2015.Leadership: Theory and practice. Sage publications. Trevelyan, J., 2014.The making of an expert engineer. CRC Press. Trevelyan, J., 2015. Incremental Self-Assessment Rubrics for Capstone Design Courses.age,26, p.1. Yadav, A., Vinh, M., Shaver, G.M., Meckl, P. and Firebaugh, S., 2014. Case?based instruction: Improving students' conceptual understanding through cases in a mechanical engineering course.Journal of Research in Science Teaching,51(5), pp.659-677.

Leading With My Chin By Jay Leno Essays - Jay Leno, Burbank

Leading With My Chin by: Jay Leno Jay Leno is quite an inspiring man. Through his childhood years was lonely yet happy boy. He was forced upon his parents to do certain things he did not want, but he did it until he was forced in not doing it. Jay Leno had a hilarious life growing up and his adventures still reign with him. His most humorous days were his childhood. He was also very mysterious when he was around his friends. Jay Leno wrote this book for many reasons. He wanted to show the world that he came from being a nobody from nowhere to one of the most well known people on the planet. While writing this book Jay Leno recounted many of the ridiculous steps and missteps that have led him on what may be the unlikeliest of paths, from college campuses to Carnegie Hall to Las Vegas and, finally, the Tonight Show. Jay reveals his in his wholesome Andover, Massachusetts, the way he grew up. He was the son of a Scottish mother, and an Italian father. ?I'm half-breed of the oddest sort: one part Scottish, one part Italian. The combination makes no sense. Because each side is couldn't be more diametrically opposed.? His experiences with his parents are hilarious like the time his parents hosted a dinner party, and little Jay was supposed to be asleep, and he wanted to make a scene so that everyone would be impressed with him. Little Jay climbed and swung on the chandelier and then flew right down in the middle of the table. His parents flew him to the hospital where he had to have his ruptured spleen, repaired. Although the extent of the book is really entertaining, there is nothing really deep in this book. He doesn't convey many personal feelings, doesn't gossip or put any one down like Howard Stern. The weird thing about his book is that Jay ends this book right when the story is seeming to get interesting, right when he is about to introduce Tom Cruise on his show, and he is about to take over the Tonight Show. When Jay was growing up his father made him attend such activities and sports such as football, baseball, the boy scouts and so on. Jay hated all things his father made him do. His experiences of getting out of these situations are hysterical. Times such as the time his father bought him a fishing pole and Jay had some kind of master plan to please his father. ?The idea made me sick. Then one day at school I heard some kids talk about catching a lot of fish. I said, ?where's a lot of fish They said, ?They're draining this lake near our house and there are all these fish there!? I figured that if the lake is drained, fish have to be flipping around everywhere. How hard could this be The story ends up that the fish were rotten and he told his mother the truth, while his father thought they were gonna have a fish dinner that night. His mother threw the fish away and went to the market to get fresh ones, and his father never noticed the difference. ?Now, I never liked joining groups, and the boyscouts in particular worried me because you required to attend meetings wearing uniforms with shorts. And, worse a neckerchief! I couldn't have looked dorkier.? As you may see he wasn't into many activities either. All of the things that had happened to Jay Leno had to happen for a reason or else he wouldn't be the person he is today. The things that happened to him were unbelievable but in some way it fell into place and made him the way he is today. Throughout the book, Jay wrote a lighter side to Leno, as opposed to the All-American image we see on TV As Jay explains in the book, it consists mainly of short, humorous episodes as he works his way up through he ranks as a stand-up comedian. In reading the account, we see that he truly has paid dues and deserves to be where he is today. Conversely, he spends a lot of time

Wind and Water essays

Wind and Water essays Events and changes I have seen in my life are what pulled my body to two sculptures by Gene Koss as soon as I entered the third floor of the Ogden Museum of Southern Art. Encased in glass and sitting on pedestals to the right of the elevator, two of his pieces, River-Dam-Run(1979) and Hurricane on the Bayou(2000), struck a chord within me about the beauty and hostility that mother nature could bestow upon us. I first concentrated on the glass and steel sculpture Hurricane on the Bayou. The use of the crystal clear glass and the jet black steel gave this piece a very cold feeling and sent a quick shiver up my back. Feelings of anxiety over the familiarity with the recent storms were quickly overcome as I could not help but to stare deep into the hypnotic swirls of transparent glass that encased darker whips of steel in the shape of a hurricane. It looked as if I placed my finger on the surface it would slide off as if it were gliding across a slip and slide. To the outside of this magnificent sphere was a protruding piece of glass at the top left in the same transparent shade. I thought of this as a piece of land. The sphere was supported by steel at the bottom, and its geometric lines formed a shape I perceived as a ship. Glancing up further, the steel pushed up into a semicircle which supported the structure at top. In amazement at how a piece of art could bring so many emoti ons of uneasiness and fear, I took my focus off the steel hurricane at the right center of the sculpture. Once again I thanked God that we had missed the wrath of Hurricane Ivan. As I walked over, I started to gaze at River-Dam-Run. The piece of land seemed ever so softly etched out with its indentations being at least as smooth as the running water that frequented it. One could assume that if you were to touch the canyon-like structure there would be a sensation of a warm, sun kissed summer...

Public Finance Economics Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Public Finance Economics - Assignment Example Firms based in large home markets like the United States and the European Union (EU) should pay great attention to domestic environmental regulations. In contrast, firms from smaller countries like Canada (which is one-tenth the size of the United States), most Asian countries and all Latin American countries should focus primarily upon the environmental regulations of their major customers (usually the "triad" economies of the United States, the EU and Japan). Current paper develops a new conceptual framework which addresses this asymmetry by examining the interactions between government and the firm. In the following section of the paper I examine the relationship between environmental regulations and firms' responsiveness to them providing managerial perspective on compliance to international environmental policies. Paper particularly emphasizes the environmental side agreement of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) linking Canada, Mexico and the United States. NAFTA i s a major breakthrough since it is the first international trade agreement (other than internal EU regulations) to explicitly incorporate environmental issues, and to establish a bureaucracy to administer trade and environment interaction, primarily through the NAFTA Commission on Environmental Cooperation (CEC). NAFTA and the CEC can be seen as benchmarks for analysis of other international environmental organizations and agreements. Further, the discussion of a corporate strategy framework follows with which managers can determine the appropriate choice of strategy in response to both international and national environmental pressures. They can comply with new environmental regulations, but also develop green capabilities which may allow them to outperform competitors on environmental strategy grounds alone. Green strategies may focus on responding strongly to national regulations, international regulations or both simultaneously. In Section 4 we discuss the argument that firms can seek to avoid domestic environmental regulations by moving offshore; the Mexico pollution-haven case. 1. A MANAGERIAL PERSPECTIVE ON COMPLIANCE WITH INTERNATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES At the level of the firm targeted by international environmental policies, the corporate response in terms of compliance depends upon its expected economic benefits. These economic benefits can be high or low, as shown on the vertical axis of Figure 1. A second issue (on the horizontal axis) is whether these benefits are driven primarily by expected improvements in industrial performance (e.g., market share, profitability, growth, etc.) or by sanctions associated with non-compliance. In the latter case, it is mainly the strength of the administrative enforcement apparatus which determines compliance. For a discussion on the benefits of compliance, see Barrett (1992), Henriques and Sadorsky (1996), Nehrt (1998), Walley and Whitehead (1994). The four possible managerial responses are the following. In quadrant 1, performance driven compliance prevails.

Land Law Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Land Law - Case Study Example If it is not registered (as some purchases before that date will not be), the legal owners will be listed on the document called the conveyance, which passes the property from one owner to another" (Joint Ownership of Property. 2008). However, the real value of the property lies in the second type of ownership, i.e. equitable or beneficial ownership as this ownership ensures the right to "the right to live in and use the property, and the right to share in the proceeds of any sale." Also, the equitable owner also can control a legal owner and decide on the sale of the property. As an immediate result of this factor, the buyer of the property will suffer much generally because it is normally difficult for the buyer to realise the existence of an equitable owner form the usual searches of the land or enquiries of the seller. As a result, the buyer will be bound to allow the beneficial owner after the business is over. (Joint Ownership of Property. 2008). It is also necessary that in the case of the legal and the beneficial owners of a property are different there arises a situation called trust, an arrangement formulated by a deed or written agreement. In the present case given for discussion, the two sisters Jennifer and her sister Clarissa conveyed the property as beneficial joint tenants. Thus, it is pertinent to have an idea of how such a property can be held in beneficial joint tenants which is one of the two ways of joint property, the other being the beneficial tenants in common. In the case of beneficial joint tenants, the joint owners are equally entitled to the property by which both share the rights to enjoy the benefits of the property together. Thus, the two sisters enjoy the unregistered country cottage property in Maple Leaf jointly. And, as it is evident, they do not enjoy separate shares but own the whole thing in common to each other and neither Jennifer nor Clarissa could enjoy separate share which each could sell or leave in a will. As it is clear in the case, Jennifer applies for the permission for the sale of her property, but immediately breaths her last. At her death, her application for the sale of propert y cannot succeed as in the case where "one person dies then the survivor becomes the owner of the whole property. This happens automatically without any further formality" (Joint Ownership - the methods). Also, let this be clear that Jennifer's case, at her death, in application for the sale of property cannot succeed as the law entails the person left the absolute ownership of the property. "If there is only one joint tenant left, he or she becomes outright owner of the property. Because no joint owner has a defined share, their interest in the property does not become part of their estate when they die, but simply disappears" (Joint Ownership of Property. 2008). However, we need to consider whether the particular case of Jennifer would succeed at the time of her application for sale of the property. The specifications of the case are that the property was an unregistered one conveyed to the sisters as beneficial joint tenants; the share of Jennifer in the deal was 160,000 of the total 280,000; and the children of Clarissa had Attention Hyperactivity Deficit

Neoliberal Policies on Media Regulation

Neoliberal Policies on Media Regulation Amirah Shafie Neoliberal policies vs Governmental regulations and policies Cultural industries are involved in the production and dissemination of products that can influence our understanding and knowledge of the world (Hesmondhalgh, 2013). Because of its influential nature, the question of who should own and regulate the industries and commodities produced has been a highly contested topic. Proponents of Neoliberal policies argued that public ownership and regulation of cultural industries are inefficient and provide insufficient choice and perspectives for viewers. Thus, they postulate the best way to increase this choice was to provide more commercial (private) channels coupled with the end or lessening of governmental regulation. On the other hand, the ideological imperatives of a commercially driven media system drive huge concerns on the quality of cultural commodities that will be produced, resulting in support for cultural industries to remain public with strong governmental regulations so that public interests will be protected. Through analysing Murdoch’s global media empire, this paper takes the public interest stance and argues that Neoliberal policies, while seemingly progressive and adopted to liberate production, distribution and consumption of cultural commodities, ironically legitimises the decreasing media diversity and low quality news content. There must, therefore, be appropriate amount of government intervention when it comes to controlling the cultural industries. From the 1970s onwards, neoliberal supporters argued the economic downturn of that period was a consequence of public ownership and governmental regulations. The basis of the neoliberal approach to culture is the idea that free, unregulated competition will produce efficient markets and producing such markets should be the main goal of public policy (Hesmondhalgh, 2013). As a result, the 80s onwards witnessed major historical changes in the policy landscape. Hesmondhalgh terms these policy changes as marketization, which refers to ‘the permeation of market exchange as a social principle’. These changes include having broadcasting institutions privatised or unrestricted to terrestrial, commercial broadcaster, cable and satellite providers. Controls on content such as amount of advertising, laws and regulations on media ownership were also eradicated or greatly lightened. On the global scale, the impetus for neoliberal marketization peaked in the 1997 WTO agreement (Jin, 2 005). Under the agreement, many states made market access commitments which decreased or removed restrictions on foreign ownership and licensing in communications. It has been argued that marketization would allow companies to compete with one another and by doing so, will produce quality products more efficiently in order to get the most audience. This would also mean that audience could get different and better types of information at a cheaper and more accessible way. No doubt, the marketization of cultural industries has allowed global audience to access news from different channels apart than the ones offered locally. However, if we were to take a closer look, most of these channels are actually produced by a few large conglomerates, namely Rupert Murdochs News Corp, Viacom, Bertelsmann, Warners, Sony, AT T, and Disney. Rather than increasing diversity globally, marketization of cultural industries have ignited a surge of mergers acquisitions because giant communication firms consistently moves aggressively into deregulated domestic communications markets around the world. This means that marketization resulting from neoliberal policies has allowed for the concentration of ownership among a few mega-media giants and the world actually gets exposed to news produced from these same media giants, weakening the neoliberal stance that competition produces diverse choices. Once of these media giants include News Corp. The growth of Rupert Murdoch’s News Corp commenced in Australia when he started buying newspaper companies in which he now owns two-thirds of the nation’s newspaper production. With the relaxing of regulations, News Corp further expanded into Britain to include both newspapers and television stations, thus further dominating much of the content in that area. By the 1990s, News Corp became the biggest press publisher in Britain. News Corp also partly gained controlled over a pioneer satellite television system BSKYB, which is the television source for most British homes. Next, Murdoch expanded the reach of his News Corporation in the United States by buying over 20th Century Fox which include Fox News, Fox Sports, and FX. He then purchased the New York Post and Fox 5 in New York. Then in 2003, the News Corporation was allowed to buy Direct TV, the largest television satellite service in the United States. Murdoch also bought satellite television networks in Asia and Lati n America. Globally, Murdoch satellite systems are estimated to reach more than three hundred million homes. With Fox Television and 20th Century Fox providing content, this satellite system, which is consistently moving toward conquering the global market, signals an expanding global vertical integration (Broe, 2004). This desire for total control prompts more concentration by the other media conglomerates to contest News Corp’s control, as seen by Comcasts attempts to take over entertainment provider Disney in 2004 and Time Warner in 2014. This conglomeration of companies like Murdoch’s News Corporation is worrying as it has the power to influence the diversity of global news content. Simply take a look at how News Corporation’s company in India, Star News, is run. Star News has no permanent foreign correspondents of its own, even in neighbouring countries, as there seem to be no economic or corporate sense to invest in running foreign bureaux or lease time on costly satellite networks for live transmission of news stories. Therefore, Star News uses footage provided by News Corporation’s other international news networks such as Fox Channel from News York and Sky News from London. It is not alarming, then, that Fox opinions and take to news is apparent in India, as evidenced during the Iraq invasion in 2003, when Star News simply repeated, often word-for-word in Hindi, the Pentagon line on ‘Operation Iraqi Freedom’ (Thussu, 2007). Here, we can see that by relegating cultural industries such as news companies to the rigours of the market has allowed conglomerates such as News Corp to control news production all over the world and disseminate their ideology (in this case Pentagon support for Operation Iraqi Freedom) easily, affecting the diversity of global news content. Quality of news is also affected with the marketization of cultural industries. Privatising and commercialising news companies means that these companies are now responsible to shareholders. In order to make sure that news generated would provide profits to the channel, Murdoch’s News Corp has been regularly sensationalising its news as they vie for attention. Murdochs early statement that newspapers were meant to entertain not educate has served as a template for much of News Corp contents. This style of exaggerated story filled with invented quotes; the rewriting of laconic news-service copy into lavish sensationalized; the eye-shattering, usually ungrammatical, irrelevant and gratuitously blood-curdling headline yarns (Leper Rapes Virgin, Gives Birth To Monster Baby) has been used in many of its news coverage (Broe, 2004). Murdoch’s News Corporation has established what is labelled as the ‘four S’ model of journalism – ‘scare headlines, sex, scandal, and sensation’ in order to secure commercial success in almost all of its major acquisitioned properties (Arsenault Castells, 2008). Such strategies in incorporating aspects of new sensationalism have replaced the original value of â€Å"objective† news reporting. Critics have also emphasized that the gimmickry, opinion and comments such as the ones on Fox News is detrimental to long-established journalistic principles to ‘objectively’ inform citizens about the world (Cushin Lewis, 2009). In this case, the commercial and ideological aims of News Corp, that is to gain greater audience share and present a partial view of the world does not promote a public service ethos focusing on audience understanding and democratic participation. Evidently, market forces do not guarantee that the media companies will serve their non-economic roles as ethical institutions of the democratic public sphere and this has taken a toll on the quality and diversity of democratic media due to the dangerous concentrations of media power. Hence, it is important that there continues to be news industries that are publicly owned in order to balance the commercial imperatives of private industries. There also needs to be stronger regulations that can control the size of these media conglomerates so as to ensure that they do not abuse their power in influencing the diversity of news contents as well as the quality of news produced. For example, in 2005, News Corporation’s subsidiary company, News of the World was caught for phone hacking of several high profile celebrities and Britain’s royal family members, causing a huge political and public fury. The government had to intervene for the protection of individuals’ privacy and ethical reporting of news. Due to this hacking scandal, News Corp. was forced withdraw its bid for full take-over of the British satellite broadcaster BSkyB, as Prime Minister Cameron announced a wide-ranging public inquiry into the British media (Wintour, Sabbagh Watt, 2011). Here, we can see the importance in governmental intervention in ensuring that this media company does not abuse its power. We also see the extent to which the market forces of competition can push companies to go beyond the boundaries to beat their competitors to get the juiciest information. As quoted by Raboy on media and communications regulation, â€Å"as media are paramount social institutions, public intervention with respect to their orientation is both legitimate and necessary† (Lunt Livingstone, 2012). Those who object government regulations would rather choose neoliberal policies in the name of democratic freedom. What they fail to see is that freedom should also come in the form of public interest and government regulations can protect these freedom that democracy so seriously advocate. There is also nothing democratic and free when it comes to having big conglomerates who can control easily global production and dissemination of news content. McChesney (2000) was adamant about the fundamental incompatibility of democracy with patterns of consolidated media ownership. In response to Murdoch’s power in the media industry, McChesney (2000) said, ‘‘there is no human, no single firm, no single entity that should have this sort of power. That’s just a core democratic value and principle.† Certainly, having full governmental regulation on media companies would also be unnecessary and dangerous. I am not proposing that there should be full governmental control with no privatisation of media companies. What I am proposing is that private and public media companies need to be present in any country so that both these entities can act as watchdogs. However, the government needs to be strong enough to be able to develop social and cultural policies that can encourage fair deliberation and engagement through intergovernmental, regional and global cooperation (Lunt Livingstone, 2012). These policies should focus on positive as well as negative freedoms, whereby the role of governments is not only to protect citizens but also to ensure conditions for a civic culture together with diverse and quality engagement. Without a much robust attitude towards media concentration and the chase for meaningful diversity and quality, current public interest considerations are unlikely to b e protected against aggressive marketization. Protecting the public interest requires both a more determined stance on media concentration and a more imaginative approach to securing media diversity, one that is based not simply on economic benefits but on the advantages of stimulating mindful debate and critical perspectives. References Cushion, S., Lewis, J. (2009). Towards a ‘Foxification’ of 24-hour news channels in Britain?Journalism,10(2), 131-153. Retrieved March 31, 2015, from http://jou.sagepub.com/content/10/2/131.abstract Wintour, P., Sabbagh, D., Wat, N. (2011, July 14). Rupert Murdoch gives up BSkyB takeover bid.The Guardian. Retrieved March 30, 2015, from http://www.theguardian.com/media/2011/jul/13/rupert-murdoch-gives-up-bskyb-bid McChesney, R. (2000). The political economy of communication and the future of the field.Media, Culture Society,22(1), 109-116. Retrieved March 29, 2015, from http://mcs.sagepub.com.libproxy1.nus.edu.sg/content/22/1/109.refs Broe, D. (2004). Fox and Its Friends: Global Commodification and the New Cold War.Society for Cinema Media Studies,43(4), 97-102. Retrieved March 20, 2015, from http://www.jstor.org/stable/3661159 Lunt, P., Livingstone, S. (2012). Media regulation: Governance and the interests of citizens and consumers. London: SAGE Publications Ltd. doi: http://dx.doi.org.libproxy1.nus.edu.sg/10.4135/9781446250884 Jin, D. (2008). Neoliberal restructuring of the global communication system: Mergers and acquisitions.Media, Culture Society,30(3), 357-373. Retrieved March 20, 2015, from http://mcs.sagepub.com.libproxy1.nus.edu.sg/content/30/3/357 Arsenault, A., Castells, M. (2008). Politics: A Sociological Analysis Switching Power: Rupert Murdoch and the Global Business of Media.International Sociology,23, 488-513. Retrieved May 20, 2015, from http://annenberg.usc.edu/Faculty/Communication and Journalism/~/media/InternationalSociology.ashx Thussu, D. (2007). The ‘Murdochization’ of news? The case of Star TV in India.Media, Culture Society,29(4), 593-611.

Causes of Childhood Obesity Essay -- Causes of Obesity in Children

When speaking of her 8-year old daughter's obesity, a prideful mother replies "Oh it's no big deal, she just still has her baby fat." Unfortunately, chances are that the daughter's obesity is not caused by her baby fat, but can be contributed to a combination of diet, genetics, and a sedentary lifestyle. Studies show that obesity among children 6-17 years of age, has increased by 50% in the last 20 years, with the most dramatic increase seen in children ages 6-11 (Axmaker, 1). This obvious epidemic has raised great concern in the medical community because widespread childhood obesity has increased the prevalence of the once rare juvenile diabetes and pediatric hypertension (Bastin, 45). This concern has prompted intense investigation of the causes of childhood studies, aside from socioeconomic status, three major causes have been shown: diet, genetics or biological factors, and lifestyle. Because fat must have a source from which to increase, diet is an obvious contributor to obesity in children. Dietary guidelines recommend that children between the ages of 6 and 11 should receive about 1800 calories a day, with 50% from carbohydrates, 30% from fat, and 20% from protein (Bastin, 47). With the ready availability of high calorie/high carbohydrate soft drinks, fruit juice, and high carbohydrate snacks, children?s diets have become increasingly less nutritious. Surveys conducted among children and teenagers have shown that 7 out of 10 children eat fruit once a day, and 5 out of 10 teenagers eat fruit once a day (Bastin, 47). Because children are replacing the missing fruit servings with high calorie snacks, weight gain will occur dramatically over time. An over consumption of 50-100 calories can lead to a gain of 5-10 pounds a year (Oklahoma Cooperative, 1). Many parents mistakenly encourage carbohydrates with a high-glycemic value as substitutes for fat and protein. Hig h-glycemic carbohydrates prevent fat breakdown and drive fat into fat deposits, causing fat to accumulate, which occurring in high levels is obesity. The era of home cooking has all but disappeared from our society, with meals being replaced with pizza, or fast food creating yet another innutritious aspect of children?s diets. Carbohydrates also take far less time to empty from the stomach than do those foods high in fat or protein, causing hunger (Buffington, 14). A child having eaten a b... ...ould be limited, while active play should be encouraged. If parents and children alike can create a healthy balance between genetics, diet and lifestyle, the growing issue of obesity may one day be no longer a concern, and generations will live to be healthier. Works Cited Axmaker, Larry. ?Childhood Obesity Should be Taken Seriously.? Online Posting 24 November 2004. Accessed 9 April 2005. 1-4. Bastin, Sandra. ?Perils of Childhood Obesity.? American Academy of Pediatrics Quarterly. Volume 31 (11/2001): 44-49. Retrieved Medline 9 April 2005. 1-5. Buffington, Cynthia. ?Causes of Childhood Obesity.? Beyond Change: Information Regarding Obesity and Obesity Surgery. Volume 17 (12/2003): 12-17. Retrieved Academic Search Elite 9 April 2005. Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Services. ?Special Issues: Childhood Obesity.? Online Posting 7 July 2003. Accessed 9 April 2005. 1-5. Reading, Richard. ?Increasing prevalence of obesity in primary school children: cohort study.? Child: Care, Health & Development; Vol. 28 Issue 2 (03/2002): 189-197 Retrieved Academic Search Elite 9 April 2005 Rush, Traci. ?Childhood Obesity.? Online posting 13 October 2002. Accessed 9 April 2005. 1.

Bay Area Greats

San Francisco has been one of the most famous cities in the United States. It's spectacular views and sensational sights have captivated much of the population of the country and tourists around the world alike. There is an interesting point towards realizing the great history of San Francisco and the architecture of the city throughout the years. This paper serves to investigate the 1920s era of San Francisco's architecture. Most structures that were built during this decade was incorporated with the Art Deco style of architecture.ART DECO A popular international design movement from the 1920s and the 1930s, Art Deco affected the decorative arts such as interior design, industrial design, visual arts such as painting, graphic arts, fashion and film. But Art Deco's most effective implication was characterized through architecture. This style was, in a sense, a combination of many varying movements and styles of the early 20th century, just like the styles of Cubism, Constructivism, B auhaus, Modernism, Futurism, and Art Nouveau.During the 1920s, Art Deco's fame and notoriety reached its peak and strongly carried on in the United States up to the 1930s. Despite many design styles or movements being philosophical or political in nature, Art Deco was strictly decorative. During its peak, the Art Deco style was perceived as functional, modern, and elegant. The name of Art Deco was coined in after 40 years, exactly during the 1960s. It was derived from the 1925 Paris Exposition of Decorative Arts, where the style or movement's apex was reached.Characterized by thin, long forms, surfaces that are curving, and patterning that is geometric, Art Deco was a style that practitioners attempted to perceive as the appearance that they thought could express the machine age. Ranging from Skyscrapers to Ocean liners up to jewelry and even toasters, Art Deco is a style that influenced a good number of factors. Despite Art Deco's most famous structures such as the Rockefeller Cent er and the Chrysler Building being located in New York, a good number of Art Deco inspired structures can be found in the great bay area of San Francisco.It somehow dominated the area during the 1920s' insurgence of the style. SAN FRANCISCO ART DECO OF THE 1920s San Francisco was in a period of prosperity during the 1920s. It was hardly a decade of radical innovation. The city also pronounced the secondary phase in the construction of a higher and taller skyline that started to overshadow the buildings downtown that was Chicago-styled. George Kelham and Timothy Pflueger were San Francisco architects who followed the architects in Chicago and New York that designed skyscrapers. Art Deco was one European trend that did affect San Francisco during the 1920s.More focused on decorative than architectural style, Art Deco was inspired by cubist and abstract painting and an involvement in motifs that are ornamental and taken from locales that are exotic such as pre-Columbian Mexico, China, and ancient Egypt. This style brought a modern element to the design of American buildings, gearing the architects towards the path of utilizing longer, cleaner lines and surfaces that are more abstract in nature. SAMPLE BUILDING 1929, Financial District, Shell Building, 100 Bush St. , San Francisco. Designed by George Kelham.This building was defined as a Zig-zag Modern skyscraper. It has a thin, stepped tower clad in terra cotta that's colored rusticated beige. The forms of shells are properly integrated into the design despite being nearly out of sight–the shells that are projecting near the top hide lighting that turns the crown to gold occasionally. Carrying out the general them of the building is the entrance lobby. The Shell Building by George Kelham, designed in the Modern style of the 1920s, is a marvelous example of the former generation of skyscrapers.Kelham, one of the few graduates of the Ecole des Beaux-Arts who made major roles to local architecture, went to Sa n Francisco in the year 1906 to oversee construction of the Palace Hotel. He lived in the city, and his work on five major downtown structures pronounced the transition from the Chicago style to Modern structures. He is also attributed with changing the character of architects in the building of commercial structures by hiring a general contractor. Before general contractors were used, the architect had the responsibility for hiring laborers and getting materials.Just like Timothy Pflueger, Kelham's work was inspired both by New York architects who were lowering their structures due to to zoning laws passed during the year 1916 and by the entry of Eliel Saarienen in the 1922 Chicago Tribune Tower contest. As a matter of fact, the above area of the Shell Building closely looks like Saarinen's much-imitated design. George Kelham stressed verticality during a time when major structures rose 10 to 15 floors above their Chicago style counterparts. Definitely, Kelham's structures defined the upper limits of the downtown skyline during the 1920s.The structure's ornamentation shows a mixture of abstracted shell designs with Egyptian motifs, preferably the tower's lotus flowers. The Shell building was one of San Francisco's best Modern designs of the 1920s. It was described by the Architect and Engineer as possessing the central tower of the Russ Building, the penthouse of the Telephone Building, Gothic verticality, and its own definitive treatment of the eight upper floors. It was also described as a building that follows Eliel Saarinen's Chicago Tribune Tower Competition model entry.The ornamentation of the Shell Building was also incorporated with â€Å"Egyptian ancestry and with a modernistic flare†. It includes an elaborate design of abstracted shells, an incorporation with the owner of the building. The tower's upper part with its ornamental concentration, was dramatically original with floodlight at night. The interior of the building also carried ornamen tal detail, including the building lobby, all elevator lobbies, and the offices of the executives. Designed with movable partitions were the office floors.The building's greatness can also be concluded with its record-breaking time of completion. The whole structure was also constructed using Steel frame construction. Today, it remains as one of San Francisco's most distinctive business addresses. The Shell building won the 1994 San Francisco Architectural Heritage Award for the excellence in architectural preservation. It was defined as a building strongly influenced by Art Deco and its founding father which is George Kelham. The Shell Building with its time-honored architecture, contemporary offices and classic amenities-has captured the best of both worlds.It is a San Francisco landmark. CONCLUSION San Francisco's Art Deco style during the 1920s has produced inspiring works of architecture up to today. The dominance of the Art Deco style in the 1920s helped San Francisco in turni ng around and becoming as one of the most popular places in the United States. The Shell Building for example, has created a great sense of fame and popularity due to the Art Deco influence. San Francisco and Art Deco somehow seemed fit for each other and as one tours San Francisco, the Art Deco style is one style that mostly captivates the eyes.

The Pros and Cons of Social Surveys in Sociological...

The Advantages and Limitations of Social Surveys in Sociological Research To survey something, is to carry out a systematic overview so that a researcher can produce a comprehensive general report on it. Survey method is often used by positivist sociologists seeking to test their hypotheses, and to investigate causes and examine variables. As with every other sociological research, survey has its own advantages and limitations. Positivist research, which is in the scientific tradition, begins with a hypothesis that can be either confirmed or rejected according to the data collected. One of the significant advantages of survey method is that, it can be used to collect data that is a representative†¦show more content†¦Also, since subjective opinions might change from time to time, they are unreliable whereas objective facts can be repeated. This means that to check survey data a researcher can repeat or replicate the survey under the same conditions and guidelines and it will give the same result, therefore it is highly reliable. Another advantage of surveys is that they act as measurement tools. For example Booth and Rowntree were revolutionary social scientists who used the survey method to measure the extent of poverty at the end of the 19th century. In more recent cases, Townsend and Mack and Lansley measured the extent of poverty in modern Britain using the survey method. The thing about surveys is that they act as measurement tools in the sense that they (normally) present data in statistical form. Since numbers are more understandable and at times more believable than words, it is no wonder that surveys help people to see and understand facts – such as the increase or decrease in poverty in a country – better than, for example, lengthy wordy conclusions from observations. 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