Leadership Theories And Concepts Of Leadership - 1712 Words

The framework of this critical synthesis is to summarize and critically analyze existing literature with regards to the subject of effective leadership. The review of the literature indicates that there are a number of elements which impact effective leadership. In an organization, when these elements are implemented, they contribute negatively or positively to the delivery of the organizational goals and directives. Subsequently we must first start with analyzing all relative theories and concepts of leadership. Interest in leadership increased during the early part of the twentieth century. Early leadership theories concentrated on what qualities distinguished leaders from followers, while other theories examined variables such as skill levels and situational factors. Many different leadership theories have emerged, but most can be classified under the major types listed below. A. Great man theories speculate that the aptitude for leadership is inherent, great leaders are born not made. (Borgotta, Rouch and Bales, 1954; Galton, 1869) all suggested that a person who copied the personalities and behaviors of great men in the history of the world would become strong leaders. The term â€Å"great man† was used at the time because leadership was thought of predominantly as a male quality. It soon became apparent though that many effective leaders had widely differing personalities, thereby providing little value as an area of study. B. Trait theories made a modest advance inShow MoreRelatedCharismatic Leadership : Attribution Theory And Self Concept Theory1191 Words   |  5 Pagesdescribed as how a follower, or subordinate, perceives their leader’s qualities. There are two theories on charismatic leadership: Attribution Theory and Self-Concept Theory. 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Leadership define by Zuber-SkerrittRead MoreEthics And Morality Are The Same Thing812 Words   |  4 Pagesoften think ethics and morality are the same thing. But in order to understand ethical leadership, it can be beneficial to view these two concepts differently. One of the most important ethical philosophers of modern times has been John Rawls, who made a clear distinction between comprehensive moral systems and less comprehensive systems. The distinction can help better understand the idea of ethical leadership. To Rawls, the two differ in the following manner: †¢ Comprehensive moral systems coverRead MoreLeadership Is Complex And Important Social Phenomenon1393 Words   |  6 PagesLeadership is complex and important social phenomenon that existed at every stage of social development in different forms. There were always paid much attention to this fact and nowadays leadership is regarded as a very important management tool and one of the major keys to success. 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The theories or concepts of leadership such as the Great Man theory, collective leadership, and scholar-practitioner are ideas that transformed the way leaders lead. The comparisons of the leadership styles illustrated that direction does not change. Within the comparisons, leadership links from one theory or concept to another. Each theory or idea is a building block for what a leader needs to be successful. The Great Man theory depicts a person of great need that

Photoshop Action Zoom Blurring Effect Free Essays

string(92) " can undo and redo the filter as many times as you need until you get the results you want\." Photo Effects: Action Zoom Blurring Effect By Steve Patterson, Photoshop Essentials. com ACTion Zoom BLurring EffECT In this Photoshop photo effects tutorial, we’ll learn how to add some action and a sense of motion to a photo with a zoom blur effect. We’ll use Photoshop’s Radial Blur filter to add the initial blurring, then we’ll bring back some of the original image using a layer mask and the Gradient Tool. We will write a custom essay sample on Photoshop Action Zoom Blurring Effect or any similar topic only for you Order Now Not only is this a great (and popular) way to help bring an image to life, but the entire effect can be completed in less than five minutes once you’re comfortable with the steps. Here’s the photo I’ll be using for this tutorial: The original image. Here’s how it will look after adding the blur effect: Let’s get started! The final â€Å"action zoom† effect. Step 1: Duplicate The Background Layer The first step in creating our action zoom effect is to duplicate the Background layer so we can work on a separate copy of the image, which will allow us to bring back some of the original image later. With our photo newly opened in Photoshop, if we look in the Layers panel, we can see that we currently have one layer, the Background layer, which is the layer than contains our photo: The original image appears on the Background layer in the Layers panel. This Photoshop Tutorial  © 2009 Steve Patterson, Photoshop Essentials. com. Not To Be Reproduced Or Redistributed Without Permission. 1 Photo Effects: Action Zoom Blurring Effect By Steve Patterson, Photoshop Essentials. com To duplicate the Background layer, go up to the Layer menu in the menu Bar at the top of the screen, choose new, and then choose Layer via Copy. Or, for a faster way to duplicate a layer in Photoshop, use the keyboard shortcut Ctrl+J (Win) / Command+J (Mac): Go to Layer New Layer via Copy, or press Ctrl+J (Win) / Command+J (Mac). Either way you choose tells Photoshop to make a copy of the layer, and if we look again in the Layers panel, we can see that we now have two layers. The original Background layer is on the bottom, while a brand new layer named â€Å"Layer 1† sits above it. If we look at the preview thumbnails to the left of the layer names, we can see that both layers contain the same image, which means we can now do whatever we want to the image on â€Å"Layer 1† and the original photo will remain safe and unharmed on the Background layer below it: An exact copy of the image now appears on â€Å"Layer 1† above the Background layer. Step 2: Apply The radial Blur filter With â€Å"Layer 1† selected in the Layers panel (it should be highlighted in blue), go up to the filter menu at the top of the screen, choose Blur, and then choose radial Blur: Go to Filter Blur Radial Blur. This brings up Photoshop’s Radial Blur dialog box. The Radial Blur filter gives us a choice of two different types of blurring – Spin and Zoom. Since we’re creating a zoom effect, set the Blur method option on the left side of the dialog box to Zoom. Directly below the Blur Method option is the Quality option. Choose Best for the quality. We control how much blurring is applied to the image with the Amount option at the top of the dialog box. The higher the Amount value we select, the more blurring is applied. Drag the slider towards the right to increase the Amount value, or drag it towards the left to decrease it. Unfortunately, the Radial Blur filter doesn’t give us a preview of the effect, so you’ll probably need to try a few different values before you find the one that works best for your image. I’ll explain how to do that in a moment. I’m going to set my Amount value to 50, but the value you end up choosing may be different. Finally, use the Blur Center box on the right side of the Radial Blur dialog box to set the point where the blur will appear to be â€Å"zooming† out from. Simply click inside the box to set the point. Again, there’s no way to preview the effect before running the filter so be prepared to try a few times before you get it right. I want my blur effect to appear to be coming from behind the girl’s head, so I’m going to click above and to the right of center in the box to set my point. Set the blur type, quality, amount and â€Å"zoom point†. This Photoshop Tutorial  © 2009 Steve Patterson, Photoshop Essentials. com. Not To Be Reproduced Or Redistributed Without Permission. 2 Photo Effects: Action Zoom Blurring Effect By Steve Patterson, Photoshop Essentials. com Click OK when you’re done to exit out of the dialog box. Depending on the speed of your computer, as well as the size and complexity of your image, you may need to wait a bit for Photoshop to finish applying the blur, so don’t panic if it seems like nothing is happening. After waiting a few seconds for Photoshop to do its thing, here is my image with the zoom blur applied: It may take a few tries before you get the results you want with the Radial Blur filter. If you’re not happy with your initial blur results and want to try again, first undo the filter by going up to the Edit menu at the top of the screen and choosing undo radial Blur. Or, for a faster way to undo the filter, use the keyboard shortcut Ctrl+Z (Win) / Command+Z (Mac): Undo the blur effect with Edit Undo Radial Blur, or press Ctrl+Z (Win) / Command+Z (Mac). Then, to quickly bring the Radial Filter dialog box back up, press Ctrl+Alt+F (Win) / Command+Option+F (Mac). Choose a different Amount value and/or set a different point for the zoom effect in the Blur Center box, then click OK to run the filter again. You can undo and redo the filter as many times as you need until you get the results you want. You read "Photoshop Action Zoom Blurring Effect" in category "Essay examples" Step 3: Add A Layer mask The problem with our blur effect is that it’s covering up the entire image, which isn’t really what we want. In my case, the blur effect is distorting the girl’s face, so I want to hide the effect in that part of the image and allow the original photo to show through. We can do that easily using a layer mask. With â€Å"Layer 1† still selected, click on the Layer mask icon at the bottom of the Layers panel. It’s the icon that looks like a rectangle with a round hole in the center of it: Click on the Layer Mask icon. Nothing will appear to happen in the document window, but a layer mask thumbnail appears to the right of the preview thumbnail for â€Å"Layer 1† in the Layers panel, letting us know that we’ve added our layer mask. If you look closely at the thumbnail, you’ll see a white highlight border around it, which tells us that the layer mask, not the layer itself, is selected: The highlight border around the layer mask thumbnail tells us that the mask, not the layer, is selected. This Photoshop Tutorial  © 2009 Steve Patterson, Photoshop Essentials. com. Not To Be Reproduced Or Redistributed Without Permission. Photo Effects: Action Zoom Blurring Effect By Steve Patterson, Photoshop Essentials. com Step 4: Select The gradient Tool We’re going to draw a black-to-white gradient on the layer mask to hide part of the blur effect and create a nice, smooth transition between the effect on â€Å"Layer 1† and the original image on th e Background layer below it. To draw the gradient, we’ll need Photoshop’s gradient Tool, so select it from the Tools panel. You can also select the Gradient Tool by pressing the letter g on your keyboard: Select the Gradient Tool. Step 5: Select The Black to White gradient With the Gradient Tool selected, right-click (Win) / Control-click (Mac) anywhere inside the document window to quickly bring up the gradient Picker. Click on the Black to White gradient to select it. It’s the third gradient from the left, top row: Click on the Black to White gradient in the Gradient Picker to select it. Click anywhere outside of the Gradient Picker to close out of it when you’re done. Step 6: Select The radial gradient By default, the Gradient Tool is set to draw a standard linear gradient, but we also have different styles to choose from, all of which can be selected from the options Bar at the top of the screen. You’ll see a row of five icons, each one representing a different shape for the gradient (Linear, Radial, Angle, Reflected, and Diamond). Select radial gradient by clicking on its icon (second one from the left): Select the Radial Gradient. Step 7: Drag out A radial gradient To Hide Part of The Blur Effect I want to allow the girl’s face to show through the blurring effect, so with the Gradient Tool, the Black to White gradient and the Radial Gradient style selected, I’ll click in the center of her face to set my starting point for the gradient. Then I’ll simply drag my mouse towards the left until I’m just beyond her hair. The area in between the starting and end points of the gradient will become a smooth transition area between the blurring effect on â€Å"Layer 1† and the original image on the Background layer below it. Since I’m drawing a radial gradient, the gradient will extend 360 ° around my starting point (which means it doesn’t really matter which direction you drag from the starting point), creating a circular shape with black in the center and gradually changing to white as it extends out in all directions: Drag out a Radial Gradient across the area where you want to hide the blur effect and reveal the original photo underneath. Since we drew the gradient on the layer mask, not on the layer itself, we don’t see the gradient in the document window. This Photoshop Tutorial  © 2009 Steve Patterson, Photoshop Essentials. com. Not To Be Reproduced Or Redistributed Without Permission. 4 Photo Effects: Action Zoom Blurring Effect By Steve Patterson, Photoshop Essentials. com Instead, we see the results of the gradient on the layer mask. The girl’s face is now visible through the blurring effect: Drawing the gradient on the layer mask reveals part of the original image underneath. Even though we can’t see the gradient in the document window, we can see it if we look at the layer mask thumbnail in the Layers panel. The black area represents the part of the layer that’s now hidden from view. As the gradient becomes lighter towards the edges, more of the layer becomes visible. The white areas are where the layer is completely visible: If you’re not happy with your initial gradient, simply press Ctrl+Z (Win) / Command+Z (Mac) to undo the gradient, then try again. The layer mask thumbnail shows us the radial gradient we added. Step 8: Lower The opacity To fine-Tune The results If you find that your blur effect is too strong, you can reduce its intensity by lowering the opacity of â€Å"Layer 1†. Lowering the layer’s opacity value will allow more of the original image on the Background layer below it to show through. You’ll find the opacity option in the top right of the Layers panel. Keep an eye on your document window as you adjust the opacity to judge the results. I’m going to lower mine down to around 70% (left): Lower the opacity of â€Å"Layer 1† to reduce the intensity of the blur. And with that, we’re done! Here, after fine-tuning my results with the Opacity option, is my final â€Å"action zoom effect† result: for more Adobe Photoshop tutorials, visit Photoshop Essentials. com @ www. photoshopessentials. com! The final photo effect. This Photoshop Tutorial  © 2009 Steve Patterson, Photoshop Essentials. com. Not To Be Reproduced Or Redistributed Without Permission. 5 How to cite Photoshop Action Zoom Blurring Effect, Essay examples

Technological Foundations Cooperative Work -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Technological Foundations Cooperative Work? Answer: Introducation As you have read through the textbook and worked on the project this term, in what new ways do you now see collaboration? What skills are easy for you? (You may want to use some examples, e.g., you might have captained a sporting team.) What skills do you now realise you are still developing? How important have you found collaboration in your team project? What's worked well for you? What has been frustrating? Answer: After reading the book of The Making of an Expert Engineer by James P. Trevelyan, I have understood that any project can be successful when it is completed collaboratively in a team. I have known that any difficult work can become extremely easier, when it is being executed in a team collaboratively (Trevelyan 2014). Before reading the book, I had a vague idea regarding collaboration; however, after reading the book, I have gathered the intense knowledge about collaborative work. There are four specific skills in collaboration, which are sharing, trust, respect and belonging (Trevelyan 2015). When I was in school, I was once appointed as the school captain. At that time, I understood that I had the collaborative skills of trust and respect. My fellow classmates trusted me and all my juniors showed respect. In my present day, I realise that I am still developing the collaborative skill of sharing (Costa, Passos and Bakker 2014). Previously, I did not have this skill. I have realized that collaboration is extremely important for any project team as it helps in the perfect execution of the project by incorporating the ideas of all the team members (Galegher, Kraut and Egido 2014). This particular characteristic of incorporation of various ideas has worked extremely well for my project. The only drawback of collaborative work I feel is that due to several brainstorming sessions amongst the team members, often clashes take place in the team. Write briefly about a situation where you have had to instruct someone. This might be in the workplace or on a sporting team or another situation. How easy was that process? What were the difficulties? Answer: I feel that leading or instruction someone in a situation is the most vital feature of a leader or an instructor. When I in school, I was once appointed as the school captain (Northouse 2015). Being the captain of the school, it was my responsibility to guide all my classmates and juniors to the correct path. On one such fine day, a new boy joined our school. As it was his first day, he was extremely nervous. I was given the responsibility to instruct or guide him to his classroom. Since, I was getting late for my class, I showed him the way to his classroom and started to walk towards my class. However, due to his nervousness, he again came back to me and requested me to guide him again (Kearns et al. 2015). I had to walk with him to his classroom and due to this; I was late for my class. This entire process of instruction was not at all easy and I had to lose my precious time. Demonstration of critical self review, self-management and lifelong learning. Summarise key changes that you believe you would need to make to your work behaviours to be a more effective engineer in your country or in another country where you might be doing engineering. Answer: I believe that there are various important changes, that are required for making my work behaviour extremely effective. I am pursuing engineering in Australia and I have understood that the work behaviour of an effective engineer should not change according to his or her location (Trevelyan, J., 2014). The key changes that I feel are required for my work behaviour are as follows: i) Analytical Aptitude: This is the most important quality that I feel I should have in my work behaviour. ii) Creativity: I sometimes lack innovation and creativity. I should be more creative and this will bring intense success in my work. iii) Problem Solving Skills: I often get nervous while solving difficult problems or issues (Trevelyan, J., 2015). The problem solving skill is again one of the most important characteristic that is required for improving my work behaviour. iv) Collaborative Work: After reading the book of The Making of an Expert Engineer by James P. Trevelyan, I have understood that collaboration is solely required for any project and a successful engineer always works collaboratively with his or her team. These are the key changes that I feel are required for improving my work behaviour. In order to effectively manage a project, you also need to effectively manage your own time. How effective do you believe you are at managing your time? What are your best and worst behaviours in terms of time management? Answer: Time management is the most important and significant characteristic of an engineer or a professional. I feel that a person, who cannot mange his or her time can never be a successful professional in his or her life (Forster 2014). I am extremely effective in managing time. When I am at work, my first priority is always on time. I make sure that I complete everything on time and this professionalism help me in achieving my personal goals and objectives. I know that if I will manage my own time, it is evident that I will be successful in managing my project. I always try to meet the deadline, provided to me (Trevelyan 2014). My best behaviour in terms of time management is meeting all the deadlines and my worst behaviour is when I cannot follow my own schedule. Draft a plan for your career. What kinds of companies do you want to work for? What kinds of work do you want to do? What skills will you need? How might you go about developing the skills you need but dont yet have? Answer: I am a Mechanical engineer. I want to work for core mechanical engineering companies or organizations that would help me in the successful achievement of my career goals and objectives (Yadav et al. 2014). Moreover, I wish to share my mechanical engineering knowledge and skills for the growth and development of the organization. I feel that I require various skills like problem solving, technical, creativity, interpersonal, team working, communication, commercial awareness and many more. Amongst all the above mentioned skills, I do not have the skills of team working and problem solving. I need to develop them immediately (Trevelyan 2015). Collaboratively working with my team members and working under pressure can develop these skills within me. References Costa, P.L., Passos, A.M. and Bakker, A.B., 2014. Team work engagement: A model of emergence.Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology,87(2), pp.414-436. Forster, M., 2014.Do it tomorrow and other secrets of time management. Hachette UK. Galegher, J., Kraut, R.E. and Egido, C., 2014.Intellectual teamwork: Social and technological foundations of cooperative work. Psychology Press. Kearns, K.P., Livingston, J., Scherer, S. and McShane, L., 2015. Leadership skills as construed by nonprofit chief executives.Leadership Organization Development Journal,36(6), pp.712-727. Northouse, P.G., 2015.Leadership: Theory and practice. Sage publications. Trevelyan, J., 2014.The making of an expert engineer. CRC Press. Trevelyan, J., 2015. Incremental Self-Assessment Rubrics for Capstone Design Courses.age,26, p.1. Yadav, A., Vinh, M., Shaver, G.M., Meckl, P. and Firebaugh, S., 2014. Case?based instruction: Improving students' conceptual understanding through cases in a mechanical engineering course.Journal of Research in Science Teaching,51(5), pp.659-677.

Leading With My Chin By Jay Leno Essays - Jay Leno, Burbank

Leading With My Chin by: Jay Leno Jay Leno is quite an inspiring man. Through his childhood years was lonely yet happy boy. He was forced upon his parents to do certain things he did not want, but he did it until he was forced in not doing it. Jay Leno had a hilarious life growing up and his adventures still reign with him. His most humorous days were his childhood. He was also very mysterious when he was around his friends. Jay Leno wrote this book for many reasons. He wanted to show the world that he came from being a nobody from nowhere to one of the most well known people on the planet. While writing this book Jay Leno recounted many of the ridiculous steps and missteps that have led him on what may be the unlikeliest of paths, from college campuses to Carnegie Hall to Las Vegas and, finally, the Tonight Show. Jay reveals his in his wholesome Andover, Massachusetts, the way he grew up. He was the son of a Scottish mother, and an Italian father. ?I'm half-breed of the oddest sort: one part Scottish, one part Italian. The combination makes no sense. Because each side is couldn't be more diametrically opposed.? His experiences with his parents are hilarious like the time his parents hosted a dinner party, and little Jay was supposed to be asleep, and he wanted to make a scene so that everyone would be impressed with him. Little Jay climbed and swung on the chandelier and then flew right down in the middle of the table. His parents flew him to the hospital where he had to have his ruptured spleen, repaired. Although the extent of the book is really entertaining, there is nothing really deep in this book. He doesn't convey many personal feelings, doesn't gossip or put any one down like Howard Stern. The weird thing about his book is that Jay ends this book right when the story is seeming to get interesting, right when he is about to introduce Tom Cruise on his show, and he is about to take over the Tonight Show. When Jay was growing up his father made him attend such activities and sports such as football, baseball, the boy scouts and so on. Jay hated all things his father made him do. His experiences of getting out of these situations are hysterical. Times such as the time his father bought him a fishing pole and Jay had some kind of master plan to please his father. ?The idea made me sick. Then one day at school I heard some kids talk about catching a lot of fish. I said, ?where's a lot of fish They said, ?They're draining this lake near our house and there are all these fish there!? I figured that if the lake is drained, fish have to be flipping around everywhere. How hard could this be The story ends up that the fish were rotten and he told his mother the truth, while his father thought they were gonna have a fish dinner that night. His mother threw the fish away and went to the market to get fresh ones, and his father never noticed the difference. ?Now, I never liked joining groups, and the boyscouts in particular worried me because you required to attend meetings wearing uniforms with shorts. And, worse a neckerchief! I couldn't have looked dorkier.? As you may see he wasn't into many activities either. All of the things that had happened to Jay Leno had to happen for a reason or else he wouldn't be the person he is today. The things that happened to him were unbelievable but in some way it fell into place and made him the way he is today. Throughout the book, Jay wrote a lighter side to Leno, as opposed to the All-American image we see on TV As Jay explains in the book, it consists mainly of short, humorous episodes as he works his way up through he ranks as a stand-up comedian. In reading the account, we see that he truly has paid dues and deserves to be where he is today. Conversely, he spends a lot of time

Wind and Water essays

Wind and Water essays Events and changes I have seen in my life are what pulled my body to two sculptures by Gene Koss as soon as I entered the third floor of the Ogden Museum of Southern Art. Encased in glass and sitting on pedestals to the right of the elevator, two of his pieces, River-Dam-Run(1979) and Hurricane on the Bayou(2000), struck a chord within me about the beauty and hostility that mother nature could bestow upon us. I first concentrated on the glass and steel sculpture Hurricane on the Bayou. The use of the crystal clear glass and the jet black steel gave this piece a very cold feeling and sent a quick shiver up my back. Feelings of anxiety over the familiarity with the recent storms were quickly overcome as I could not help but to stare deep into the hypnotic swirls of transparent glass that encased darker whips of steel in the shape of a hurricane. It looked as if I placed my finger on the surface it would slide off as if it were gliding across a slip and slide. To the outside of this magnificent sphere was a protruding piece of glass at the top left in the same transparent shade. I thought of this as a piece of land. The sphere was supported by steel at the bottom, and its geometric lines formed a shape I perceived as a ship. Glancing up further, the steel pushed up into a semicircle which supported the structure at top. In amazement at how a piece of art could bring so many emoti ons of uneasiness and fear, I took my focus off the steel hurricane at the right center of the sculpture. Once again I thanked God that we had missed the wrath of Hurricane Ivan. As I walked over, I started to gaze at River-Dam-Run. The piece of land seemed ever so softly etched out with its indentations being at least as smooth as the running water that frequented it. One could assume that if you were to touch the canyon-like structure there would be a sensation of a warm, sun kissed summer...

Public Finance Economics Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Public Finance Economics - Assignment Example Firms based in large home markets like the United States and the European Union (EU) should pay great attention to domestic environmental regulations. In contrast, firms from smaller countries like Canada (which is one-tenth the size of the United States), most Asian countries and all Latin American countries should focus primarily upon the environmental regulations of their major customers (usually the "triad" economies of the United States, the EU and Japan). Current paper develops a new conceptual framework which addresses this asymmetry by examining the interactions between government and the firm. In the following section of the paper I examine the relationship between environmental regulations and firms' responsiveness to them providing managerial perspective on compliance to international environmental policies. Paper particularly emphasizes the environmental side agreement of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) linking Canada, Mexico and the United States. NAFTA i s a major breakthrough since it is the first international trade agreement (other than internal EU regulations) to explicitly incorporate environmental issues, and to establish a bureaucracy to administer trade and environment interaction, primarily through the NAFTA Commission on Environmental Cooperation (CEC). NAFTA and the CEC can be seen as benchmarks for analysis of other international environmental organizations and agreements. Further, the discussion of a corporate strategy framework follows with which managers can determine the appropriate choice of strategy in response to both international and national environmental pressures. They can comply with new environmental regulations, but also develop green capabilities which may allow them to outperform competitors on environmental strategy grounds alone. Green strategies may focus on responding strongly to national regulations, international regulations or both simultaneously. In Section 4 we discuss the argument that firms can seek to avoid domestic environmental regulations by moving offshore; the Mexico pollution-haven case. 1. A MANAGERIAL PERSPECTIVE ON COMPLIANCE WITH INTERNATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES At the level of the firm targeted by international environmental policies, the corporate response in terms of compliance depends upon its expected economic benefits. These economic benefits can be high or low, as shown on the vertical axis of Figure 1. A second issue (on the horizontal axis) is whether these benefits are driven primarily by expected improvements in industrial performance (e.g., market share, profitability, growth, etc.) or by sanctions associated with non-compliance. In the latter case, it is mainly the strength of the administrative enforcement apparatus which determines compliance. For a discussion on the benefits of compliance, see Barrett (1992), Henriques and Sadorsky (1996), Nehrt (1998), Walley and Whitehead (1994). The four possible managerial responses are the following. In quadrant 1, performance driven compliance prevails.

Land Law Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Land Law - Case Study Example If it is not registered (as some purchases before that date will not be), the legal owners will be listed on the document called the conveyance, which passes the property from one owner to another" (Joint Ownership of Property. 2008). However, the real value of the property lies in the second type of ownership, i.e. equitable or beneficial ownership as this ownership ensures the right to "the right to live in and use the property, and the right to share in the proceeds of any sale." Also, the equitable owner also can control a legal owner and decide on the sale of the property. As an immediate result of this factor, the buyer of the property will suffer much generally because it is normally difficult for the buyer to realise the existence of an equitable owner form the usual searches of the land or enquiries of the seller. As a result, the buyer will be bound to allow the beneficial owner after the business is over. (Joint Ownership of Property. 2008). It is also necessary that in the case of the legal and the beneficial owners of a property are different there arises a situation called trust, an arrangement formulated by a deed or written agreement. In the present case given for discussion, the two sisters Jennifer and her sister Clarissa conveyed the property as beneficial joint tenants. Thus, it is pertinent to have an idea of how such a property can be held in beneficial joint tenants which is one of the two ways of joint property, the other being the beneficial tenants in common. In the case of beneficial joint tenants, the joint owners are equally entitled to the property by which both share the rights to enjoy the benefits of the property together. Thus, the two sisters enjoy the unregistered country cottage property in Maple Leaf jointly. And, as it is evident, they do not enjoy separate shares but own the whole thing in common to each other and neither Jennifer nor Clarissa could enjoy separate share which each could sell or leave in a will. As it is clear in the case, Jennifer applies for the permission for the sale of her property, but immediately breaths her last. At her death, her application for the sale of propert y cannot succeed as in the case where "one person dies then the survivor becomes the owner of the whole property. This happens automatically without any further formality" (Joint Ownership - the methods). Also, let this be clear that Jennifer's case, at her death, in application for the sale of property cannot succeed as the law entails the person left the absolute ownership of the property. "If there is only one joint tenant left, he or she becomes outright owner of the property. Because no joint owner has a defined share, their interest in the property does not become part of their estate when they die, but simply disappears" (Joint Ownership of Property. 2008). However, we need to consider whether the particular case of Jennifer would succeed at the time of her application for sale of the property. The specifications of the case are that the property was an unregistered one conveyed to the sisters as beneficial joint tenants; the share of Jennifer in the deal was 160,000 of the total 280,000; and the children of Clarissa had Attention Hyperactivity Deficit